There's always next test. And yes, bad sleep and sickness CAN affect you. However, people tend to focus when put in that situation. Of course, that's true of any situation. Maybe you have explosive diarrhea the night before a final exam and bomb your test and lose your 4.0 GPA.
College Scholastic Ability Test | |
Hangul | |
---|---|
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Daehak suhak neungryeok siheom |
McCune–Reischauer | Taehak suhak nŭngryŏk sihŏm |
College Scholastic Ability Test or CSAT (Korean: 대학수학능력시험, hanja: 大學修學能力試驗; also abbreviated as Suneung (Korean: 수능, hanja: 修能) is a type of standardized test accepted by South Korean universities. KICE, Korea Institute of Curriculum and Evaluation, offers and manages the test every November.[1][2][3] Though first designed to just assess scholastic ability required for education in college, it nowdays functions as a national graduation test which asks all the contents students learnt in high school. Determining which university the student can enter, the CSAT plays an important role in education in South Korea. It has been praised for its efficiency, meritocratic factors and high international results.[4] Of the students taking the test, the percentage of re-takers is about 20%.[5]
On the test day, the stock markets open late, buses and subways are increased to avoid traffic jams that could prevent students from getting to testing sites, and planes are grounded so the noise does not disturb the students. In some cases, when some students are running late to the test, they are escorted by police officers. Younger students and the members of the students' families gather outside testing sites to cheer on the students.[5][6]
- 1Outline
- 1.3Sections
- 1.3.1National Language
- 1.4Management
- 1.3Sections
- 2Difficulty
- 2.2Examples
- 2.2.1Mathematics
- 2.2Examples
- 3Preliminary College Scholastic Ability Test (PCSAT)
- 3.1National United Achievement Tests (NUAT)
Outline[edit]
Purpose[edit]
CSAT is designed for testing candidates' ability to study in colleges, making questions based on the high school curriculum of Korea to normalize high school education, and providing accurate and objective materials to help college admit students.[7]
Schedule[8][edit]
All questions are multiple-choice, except for the second part of the Mathematics section.
Period | Subject | Time | Number of Questions | Points | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Candidates must enter the test room by 08:10. For the periods from second to fifth, students must enter 10 minutes before the test starts. | |||||
1 | National Language | 08 : 40 ~ 10 : 00 (80 min) | 45 | 100 | |
Break time - 10 : 00 ~ 10 : 20 (20 min) | |||||
2 | Mathematics | 10 : 30 ~ 12 : 10 (100 min) | 30 | 100 |
|
Lunch time - 12 : 10 ~ 13 : 00 (50 min) | |||||
3 | English | 13 : 10 ~ 14 : 20 (70 min) | 45 | 100 |
|
Break time - 14 : 20 ~ 14 : 40 (20 min) | |||||
4 | Korean History Subordinate Subjects (Social Studies, Sciences, Vocational Education) | 14 : 50 ~ 16 : 32 (102 min total) | |||
Korean History | 14 : 50 ~ 15 : 20 (30 min) | 20 | 50 |
| |
Time to collect test papers for Korean History and distribute those for subordinate subjects | 15 : 20 ~ 15 : 30 (10 min) |
| |||
First subordinate subjects | 15 : 30 ~ 16 : 00 (30 min) | 20 | 50 |
| |
Time to collect test papers for the first subordinate subjects | 16 : 00 ~ 16 : 02 (2 min) | ||||
Second subordinate subjects | 16 : 02 ~ 16 : 32 (30 min) | 20 | 50 | ||
Break time - 16 : 32 ~ 16 : 50 (18 min) | |||||
5 | Second Foreign Languages/Chinese Characters and Classics | 17 : 00 ~ 17 : 40 (40 min) | 30 | 50 |
|
Sections[edit]
It consists of 6 sections: National Language (Korean), Mathematics, English, Korean History, Subordinate Subjects (Social Studies/Sciences/Vocational Education), and Second Foreign Languages/Chinese Characters and Classics. All sections are optional with the exception of the Korean History Section, which is required for all candidates. Despite this, most candidates choose to take all sections except for Second Foreign Languages/Chinese Characters and Classics. For the Mathematics section, candidates choose to take either 'type Ga(가형)' or 'type Na(나형)'. The former is more difficult than the latter. Subordinate Subjects is divided into three sections: Social Studies, Sciences, and Vocational Education. Candidates can choose up to two subjects, but can't select from different sections at the same time. For example, one can choose Physics II and Biology I for the subordinate section since both are in Science section, but can't choose World History and Principles of Accounting because the former is in the Social Studies section and the latter is in the Vocational Education section. Only candidates who graduated vocational high school can choose Vocational Education section. In the Second Foreign Languages/Chinese Characters and Classics section, candidate choose only one subject. Most high-ranked universities require applicants to take two science subordinate subjects and type Ga in Math section if they apply to STEM major. In this case, they don't also accept combinations of subordinate subjects in same field, such as Physics I + Physics II.[7]
National Language[edit]
In National Language section, candidates are assessed on their ability to read, understand and analyze given texts written in Korean fast and accurately. The 45 questions of the subject is classified into four categories:
- Speech and Writing (5 questions)
- Grammar (5 questions)
- Reading (15 questions)
- Literature (15 questions)
Speech and Writing[edit]
This category consists of three passages with 10 questions. The first passage is a script of lecture or radio programme(Speech), the second one is another script of debate about an aritlce(Speech and Writing) and the last one is an argumentative essay(Writing). Although the name includes 'Speech', candidates don't really speech; they just read the script of scripts.
Grammar[edit]
This category consists of 5 questions, for two of which a passage is given. Candidates are assessed on their ability to apply the knowledge of Korean grammar and Hangul. Knowledge of changes that happened in Korean from 15th century to today is required as well. It is suggested to spend about 20 minutes on this and Speech and Writing to save time for Reading and Literature.
Reading[edit]
This category consist of three articles, each with 4, 5 or 6 questions. The given articles are not only notoriously long but also on topics of abstract and complicated issues; Physics, Engineering, Economics, Law, Philosophy or Aesthetics is chosen for their topic normally. Candidates need to answer questions such as '(Of the five statements below) Which one does NOT agree with the passage above?' or 'According to the passage, which one is correct analysis of the following example?'. Most of them lose their points here.
LIterature[edit]
This category consist of four texts, each with 3, 4, 5 or 6 questions. The first text is a comparation of modern Korean novel and scenario or Play script. The second one is a comparation of two modern Korean poem. The third one is part of Korean novel or Pansori and the last one is Korean poem, both of which are created in Silla era to Joseon era (Middle age in West). Candidates should determine which one is the most accurate impression of the given text.
Mathematics[edit]
Mathematics section is divided into type Ga and type Na. Type Ga is based on Calculus II, Geometry and Vector and Probability and Statistics, all of which are subjects taught in High school in South Korea. The same is for basis of type Na: Calculus I, Math II and Probability and Statistics. Most candidates choose to take type Na when they apply to CSAT. Below are the contents of base subjects.
Type | Base Subject | Contents |
---|---|---|
Ga | Caclulus II | I. Exponential function and Logartihmic function Exponential functions, Logarithmic function and their Derivative
Radian, Trigonometric functions and their Derivative
Quotient rule, Chain rule, Derivative of Inverse function, Second derivative
Integration by parts, Integration by substitution, Cavalieri's principle |
Geometry and Vector | I. Curve on plane Conic section, Implicit function and its derivation, parameter
Vector and its operations, position vector, plane vector, Inner product space, Outer product
Theorem of three perpendiculars, Orthographic projection, Equation of a Sphere
Operations of vector in three dimension, Equation of a plane | |
Both | Probability and Statistics | I. Permutation and Combination Number of outcomes, Addition rule[disambiguation needed], Rule of product, Permutation, Combination, Binomial theorem, Partition of integer and set
Probability, Conditional probability
Discrete Random Variable, Continuous random variable, Probability distribution, Estimation |
Na | Calculus I | I. Limit of sequence Introduction to Limit, Limit of a sequence, Series, Squeeze theorem
Limit of a function, Continuous function, Extreme value theorem, intermediate value theorem
Definition of Derivative and its application to Polynomial Function, mean value theorem, Maxima and minima
Definiton of Antiderivative and Integral, Fundamental theorem of calculus |
Math II | I. Set and statement Set[disambiguation needed], Statement[disambiguation needed], Absolute-value inequality including Arithmetic-geometric mean inequality, Cauchy–Schwarz inequality
Definiton of function, composite function and inverse function, Rational function, Irrational function
Definition of sequence, Arithmetic sequence, Geometric sequence, Mathematical induction
Expansion of exponentiation to Real number, Definiton of Logarithm and its operations |
Subordinate Subjects[7][edit]
Section | Field | Subject | Contents |
---|---|---|---|
Social Studies | Ethics | Life and Ethics | Introduction to Ethics, Teleological / Deontological Ethics, Aquinas, Stoicism, Kant, Utilitarianism, Virtue ethics, Rawls, MacIntyre, Habermas |
Ethics and Thoughts | Eastern philosophy: Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, Korean philosophy Western philosophy: Sophist, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Epicureanism, Stoicism, Hellenism, Christianity, Scholasticus, Protestantism, Empiricism, Rationalism, Bacon, Hobbes, Hume, Descartes, Spinoza, Utilitarianism, Mill, Bentham, Kant, Practical Ethics, Existentialism, Virtue Ethics, Communitarianism, Democracy, Social contract, Natural law, Capitalism, Socialism | ||
Geography | Korean Geography | Geography, ecosystem and climate of Korean penisula, Korean industrial structure based on geography, Specialties of provinces and North Korea | |
World Geography | World map, Climate by latitude, Unique landforms in the world, Distributions of ethnic groups, languages and resources, Globalization, Regional conflicts | ||
History | East Asia History | History of Korea, China, Japan and Vietnam | |
World History | History of the world, especially Eurasia | ||
Social Stuides | Law and Politics | Focused on Democracy and law; Political and legal philosophy, Electoral system, Constitutional law, Presidential / Parliamentary / Dual executive System, History of Korean Politics, Structure of Korean three offices, Civil, criminal and social law of Korea, International law | |
Economics | Division of labor, Supply and demand, Unemployment, Inflation, Trade, Exchange rate, Asset management, History of Korean economics, and plenty of graphs | ||
Society and Culture | Sociology and Cultural anthropology. Structural functionalism, Conflict theories, Symbolic interactionism, Social research methods, Socialization, Social group, Deviance, Anomie, Durkheim, Merton, Culture, Social inequality, Marxian class theory, Social stratification, Poverty, Gender, Welfare, Modernization theory, Cyclical theory, Evolutionary theory, Industrialisation, Unemployment, Globalization | ||
Science | Physics | Physics I | Classical mechanics in One dimension, Theory of relativity, Electromagnetism: Electromagnetic induction and Faraday's law of induction, Properties of wave, Principles of semiconductor, Torque, Archimedes' principle, Pascal's law, Bernoulli's principle, Laws of thermodynamics 0th, 1st and 2nd |
Physics II | Classical mechanics: Classical mechanics in Two dimension, Harmonic oscillator, Laws of thermodynamics, proof of Ideal gas law
Wave and Light: Mathematical expression of wave, Huygen's principle, Superposition principle, Laser, Polarization of Light Quantum mechanics: Black body, Wien's displacement law, Stefan–Boltzmann law, Photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, Matter wave, Davisson–Germer experiment, Uncertainty principle, Schrödinger equation, Wave function, Quantum tunnelling, STM | ||
Chemistry | Chemistry I | Chemical formula, Avogadro constant, Mole, Periodic table, Bohr model, Atomic orbital, Spin, Pauli exclusion principle, Hund's rules, Aufbau principle, Octet rule, Covalent bond, Ionic bonding, Coordinate covalent bond, Bond dipole moment, Acid-base, Reduction-oxidation, Structure of DNA | |
Chemistry II | Van der Waals force, Hydrogen bond, Ideal Gas equation, Mole fraction, Dalton's law, Cubic crystal system, Raoult's law, Vapor pressure, Heat of reaction, Hess's law, Enthalpy, Gibbs free energy, Chemical equilibrium: Phase diagram, Solubility equilibrium, ionization equilibrium, Buffer solution | ||
Biology | Biology I | DNA, Gene, Chromosome, Structure of Cell, Cell division, Cell cycle, Mendelian inheritance, Anatomy, ATP, Ecology | |
Biology II | Deepened version of Biology I, Hardy–Weinberg principle, Evolution | ||
Earth Science | Earth Science I | Spheres: Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Geosphere, Biosphere, Unique terrain of Korean penisula, Earthquake, Volcano, Weathering, landslide, Weather, Tsunami, Environmental pollution, Climate change Universe: Star, Planet earth, Sun, Sunspot, Moon, Eclipse, Alien | |
Earth Science II | Seismic wave, Gravity and Magnetic field of the Earh, Mineral, Magma, Sedimentary rock, Metamorphic rock, Hydrodynamic equilibrium, Adiabatic process, Ekman spiral, Sea water, Atmospheric circulation, Star, Milky Way, Big Bang, Dark energy | ||
Vocational Education | Agriculture Science | Understanding Agriculture | |
Basic Techonology for Agriculture | |||
Engineering | General Engineering | ||
Basic Drawing | |||
Commerce | Commercial Economics | ||
Principles of Accounting | |||
Oceanography | Understanding Ocean | ||
Basic Fishery and Shipping Industry | |||
Home Economics | Development of Human | ||
Understanding Service Industry |
- Second Foreign Languages/Chinese Characters and Classics
- German I
- French I
- Spanish I
- Chinese I
- Japanese I
- Russian I
- Arabic I
- Vietnamese I
- Chinese Characters and Classics I
Management[edit]
Application[edit]
One who has graduated high school or passed GED has the opportunity to apply for the test. Students about to graduate high school can apply as well.
Distributing test papers and OMR cards[edit]
After KICE prints all test papers and OMR cards, they are distributed 3 days before the test to each test area by Police and each education office. In 2018, there were 85 test areas.
Testing room[edit]
All test monitors are middle school or high school teachers. Superintendents in each education office decide who will monitor and where they will go. There are two test monitors for each period, with the exception of the fourth period which has three monitors because of the test paper collection. Most testing rooms are classrooms in high schools. There can be no more than 28 candidates in each testing room.
Scoring[edit]
Except for the Engilsh section and the Korean History section, all grades are based on a curve, by Stanine. Grade, percentile and standard score of each section and subject are written in transcript. The standard score is calculated by the formula below:
is standard score. is Z score. is standard deviation of the standard score. is average of the standard score. In National Language and Mathematics section, is set to be 20 and is set to be 100. For the else, is 10 and is 50. is calculated by the formula below:
is the candidate's original score. is the average of the orignal scores of candidates in the subject. is the standard deviation of candidates in the subject.
Difficulty[edit]
Compared to SAT[edit]
The CSAT is often compared to the American SAT, though the importance in both countries is fairly different. SAT Math is generally thought of as easier than CSAT Math.
Examples[edit]
Mathematics[edit]
Calculus[edit]
Below is the 30th problem in Mathematics subject type Ga of CSAT held in 2016.
The function defined for and the quartic function of which leading coefficient is satisfy the conditions below: ( is a constant)
A) For all real numbers , such that , .
B) For two different real numbers , the function has the same local maximum value at and . ()
C) The number of 's which make local maximum or minimum is greater than that of 's which make local maximum or minimum.
. Find the minimum value of .
Probability Theory[edit]
Below is the 28th problem in Mathematics subject type Ga of Preliminary CSAT held in June, 2018.
For all natural numbers (), let a set be as below:
For an element chosen from the set randomly, when is a multiple of , find the sum of all 's which make the probability that equal .
English[edit]
Below is a notorious problem in English section of CSAT held in 2013.
Mathematics will attract those it can attract, but it will do nothing to overcome the resistance to science. Science is universal in principle but in practice it speaks to very few. Mathematics may be considered a communication skill of the highest type, frictionless so to speak; and at the opposite pole from mathematics, the fruits of science show the practical benefits of science without the use of words. But as we have seen, those fruits are ambivalent. Science as science does not speak; ideally, all scientific concepts are mathematized when scientists communicate with one another, and when science displays its products to non-scientists it need not, and indeed is not able to, resort to salesmanship. When science speaks to others it is no longer science, and the scientist becomes or has to hire a publicist who dilutes the exactness of mathematics. In doing so the scientist reverses his drive toward mathematical exactness in favor of rhetorical vagueness and metaphor, thus ( ).
① degrading his ability to use the scientific language needed for good salesmanship
② surmounting the barrier to science by associating science with mathematics
③ inevitably making others who are unskillful in mathematics hostile to science
④ neglecting his duty of bridging the gap between science and the public
⑤ violating the code of intellectual conduct that defines him as a scientist
This is part of an article on The New Atlantis, written by Harvey Mansfield.[9]
Preliminary College Scholastic Ability Test (PCSAT)[edit]
The Preliminary College Scholastic Ability Test (PCSAT) is a preliminary examination for the CSAT that is hosted nationally. The relationship between PCSAT and CSAT is comparable to that of PSAT and SAT. PCSAT is divided into two categories: the National United Achievement Tests (NUAT) and the College Scholastic Ability Test Simulation (CSAT Simulation). These two tests have more similar sample groups to the CSAT than private mock tests do. Moreover, the PCSAT’s examiner committee is similar to that of the CSAT, so the types of questions resemble those seen in the CSAT. In particular, since the CSAT Simulation is hosted by the same institution as the CSAT, it is being used to predict the level of difficulty or the types of questions that might appear in the same year’s CSAT.
Although both the NUAT and the CSAT Simulation are similar to the CSAT regarding the number of examinees, types of questions, and relative difficulty, the NUAT is hosted by the Ministry of Education targeting only high school students. On the other hand, the CSAT Simulation is run by KICE and can be applied for by anyone who is eligible for the CSAT. Nevertheless, both exams function as reliable, official mock tests for the CSAT and both are graded by KICE.
National United Achievement Tests (NUAT)[edit]
The National United Achievement Test (NUAT, Korean: 전국연합학력평가,[10]; Hanja: 全國聯合學力評價) is administered in the same way as the CSAT. It was first introduced in 2002 to alleviate the dependency on private mock tests. High school students in South Korea can apply for this test, and local offices of education decide whether the test is administered in the district. Normally, every office of education throughout the nation participates in the NUAT to prepare the students for the CSAT; hence, the number of applicants is almost parallel to that of the CSAT. Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education,[11]Busan Metropolitan Office of Education[12] (for freshmen and sophomores), Gyeonggi-do Office of Education,[13] and Incheon Office of Education[14] take turns creating the questions. KICE is in charge of grading and printing the report cards.
The basic structure of this exam is identical to that of the CSAT. For mathematics, social studies, science, and second language, the range the exam covers is determined by when the exam is held.[15][16] In the case of the Korean and English sections, the questions are not directly from textbooks but still constructed in consonance with the curriculum.
As of 2014, there are four NUAT a year; however, it is not same for every district, and some have only two exams a year for freshmen and sophomores. While the NUAT for freshmen and sophomores is held in March, June, September, and November, seniors take tests in March, April, July, and October to avoid overlapping with months when the CSAT Simulation is held (June and September). These two tests are appropriate for relative evaluations such as measuring average score, percentage, or ranks since the PCSAT has more similar sample groups to the CSAT than private mock tests do.
Institutions in charge[edit]
- March: Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (seniors; freshmen and sophomores, 2006–2009, 2014), Busan Metropolitan Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores, 2010–2013)
- April: Gyeonggi-do Office of Education (seniors, since 2003)
- June: Busan Metropolitan Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores, 2014), Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores, 2002–2004, 2010–2013; seniors, 2002), Incheon Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores 2005–2009)
- July: Incheon Office of Education (seniors, since 2007), Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (2005)[17]
- September: Incheon Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores, since 2010), Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores, 2004–2008), Busan Metropolitan Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores, 2009)
- October: Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (seniors)
- November: Gyeonggi-do Office of Education (freshmen and sophomores, except 2003)
- December: Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (freshmen, 2003)[18]
College Scholastic Ability Test Simulation (CSAT Simulation)[edit]
The College Scholastic Ability Test Simulation (CSAT Simulation, Korean: 대학수학능력시험 모의평가[19]) is hosted by KICE, and unlike the NUAT, anyone who is eligible for the CSAT can also apply for this test. The CSAT Simulation was introduced after the CSAT failed to set the proper difficulty level in 2001 and 2002. It was first implemented in 2002, and during its early years, it was held only once a year, in September. Starting from 2004, it is being held twice a year, every June and September. The exam covers everything in the curriculum for the Korean and second language sections; for other sections, two-thirds of what the CSAT covers. However, the September exam covers everything in every section just like the CSAT. The number of questions and test time per section is same as those of the CSAT.
History[edit]
Since the Liberation of Korea, South Korea has changed the methods of university and college admission at least twelve times. Some argue the number of changes can be extended to sixteen.[20] The policies ranged from sometimes allowing colleges to choose on their own to outlawing hagwons. Because of this, parents and students had difficult times in adjusting to the changes.[21] Some argue that the constant changes show an instability of the system as well as the sensitivity of the admission process to public opinion.[22]
The very first methods of university and college admissions were left to the choice of the university. Each university was allowed to do as they like. The first form of CSAT appeared in the beginnings of 1960. The Supreme Council for National Reconstruction established an early form of CSAT from 1962 to 1963. It served as a qualification test for the students. However, due the small number of students passing the tests, the colleges soon had a shortage of students. The process was also criticized to have led to an inefficient selection of students, Due to this, the government scrapped the policy from 1964 to 1968. A similar policy was adopted in 1969 by the Third Republic of South Korea. The new test was called Preliminary College Entrance Examination (대학입학예비고사). This policy continued mostly unchanged until 1981.[21][22][23]
In 1981, the policy was significantly changed. The test name was changed to Preliminary College Preparations Examination (대학예비고사). The cutline policy was scrapped. At this time, hagwons, or cram schools, were also outlawed. In 1982, the test name was changed to College Entrance Strength Test (대입학력고사).[21][22]
The current system of CSAT was established in 1994, although it went through several revisions since then.[2][24] In 2004, the government of South Korea introduced a policy called 2008 College Admissions Change Proposal but failed to bring about significant changes.[21]
Current[edit]
The test material is based on nation-standard textbooks and designed to prompt thinking skills. The Korea Institute of Curriculum and Evaluation is officially in charge of making the problems, printing the tests, correcting the tests, supervising the test-making processes, setting the test fee, and admitting the tests. The problems are created by members of the KICE, university-level professors, and high-school teachers. There are two groups involved with making the problems, the 'creating problems' group and 'checking over the problems' group. The former group is mainly made out of professors, though high-school teachers have been included in the group since the year 2000. The latter group is composed only of high-school teachers. Those involved in making the problems sign non-disclosure agreement directly with the KICE. As of 2012, there were a total of 696 staff members involved in making the problems. A member of the problem-making group is paid around $300 per day.[25]
The subjects of 2016 were: National Language, Mathematics, English language, Korean History, Social Studies/Science/Vocational Education, and Foreign language/Hanja. Students can choose from all or some of the subjects. The subjects Mathematics is also divided into type Ga(가) and type Na(나). Students can choose from which test to take.
Korean History is a required subject, and if students do not take it, all the scores will be invalid.
The subject Social Studies is further divided into Life and Ethics, Ethics and Thought, Geography of Korea, Geography of the world, History of Eastern Asia, World History, Law and Politics, Society and Culture, and Economics. Students can choose two subjects out of those. In the Science section, students can choose from Physics 1, Chemistry 1, Biology 1, Earth Science 1, Physics 2, Chemistry 2, Biology 2, and Earth Science 2. Students can choose two subjects out of those. Vocational Education is divided to Agricultural Science, Industry, Commerce, Oceanography, and Home Economics. Students must choose one subject. However, the subject Vocational Education can only be taken if the student had completed 80% of the expert studies. Foreign Language is divided into German language 1, French language 1, Spanish language 1, Chinese language 1, Japanese language 1, Russian language 1, Arabic language 1, basic Vietnamese language, and Hanja 1. Students can choose one subject.[24]
After the test, the administrators gather the test, scan the image, and correct the test. The correction of the test, including confirming the documentations and the grades, and printing of the results take around a month.[24]
The test is taken extremely seriously and other day-to-day operations are grounded and delayed on the test day.[5] Neither the students nor the administrators of the test could bring in cell phones, books, newspapers, foods, or any material that could distract the other test-takers in any way. Most of the complaints after the test had been involved the actions of the administrators, involving: talking, opening the windows, standing in front of their particular desks, sniffle, clicking a computer mouse, and eating chocolate. Test administrators are warned to not do anything that could distract the student in any way.[26]
Listening components during the day of the test will also be broadcast nationwide at 1:10pm on EBS Radio. During these broadcasts, all flights will be grounded, and the general public is advised not to be alarmed by the changes in radio programming on EBS Radio since the programmes during the day of the test are subject to change.
Criticism[edit]
Pressure to perform well on the CSAT has been linked to stress, psychological depression and suicide.[27][28]
Number of applicants[edit]
- 1993 ~ 1997 (5th Education Curriculum)
Year | 1993 1st | 1993 2nd | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Applicant | 742,668 | 750,181 | 781,749 | 840,661 | 824,368 | 885,321 |
Examinee | 716,326 | 726,634 | 757,488 | 809,867 | 795,338 | 854,272 |
- 1998 ~ 2003 (6th Education Curriculum)
Year | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Applicant | 868,643 | 896,122 | 872,297 | 739,129 | 675,759 | 673,585 |
Examinee | 832,223 | 868,366 | 850,305 | 718,441 | 655,384 | 642,583 |
- 2004 ~ 2015 (7th Education Curriculum, 2007 revision, 2009 revision)
Year | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Applicant | 610,257 | 593,806 | 588,899 | 584,934 | 588,839 | 677,834 | 712,227 | 693,634 | 668,527 | 650,747 | 640,619 | 631,184 |
Examinee | 574,218 | 554,345 | 551,884 | 550,588 | 559,475 | 638,216 | 668,991 | 648,946 | 620,723 | 606,813 | 594,617 | 585,332 |
- 2016 ~ 2020 (2009 revision, 2011 revision)
Year | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Applicant | 605,988 | 593,527 | 594,924 | ||
Examinee | 552,297 | 531,327 | 530,220 |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'Member Research Institute'. NRCS. Archived from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved October 11, 2013.
- ^ ab'대학⌒수학⌒능력⌒시험大學修學能力試驗'. NAVER Corp. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^'2017년 대학수학능력시험부터 문과 • 이과 구분 폐지 검토…한국사 필수'. Sportworldi.com. Retrieved October 11, 2013.
- ^'The One-shot Society'. The Economist Limited Newspaper 2013. December 17, 2011. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
- ^ abc'South Korean students' 'year of hell' culminates with exams day'. Cable News Network. Retrieved October 11, 2013.
- ^The All-Work, No-Play Culture Of South Korean Education
- ^ abc'Plan for 2019 CSAT'. www.moe.go.kr. Retrieved May 16, 2019.
- ^'KICE's homepage introducing CSAT'. www.suneung.re.kr. Retrieved May 16, 2019.
- ^'Science and Non-Science in Liberal Education'. The New Atlantis. Retrieved May 17, 2019.
- ^ko:전국연합학력평가
- ^'서울특별시교육청 학력평가 자료실'. Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education.
- ^'부산광역시교육청 학력평가 자료실'. Busan Metropolitan Office of Education. Archived from the original on November 8, 2014.
- ^'경기도교육청 학력평가 자료실'. Gyeonggi-do Office of Education.
- ^'인천시교육청 학력평가 자료실'. Incheon Office of Education.
- ^As of 2013, mathematics, social studies and science section on March exams covers the previous year's curriculum for freshmen and sophomores; in other months, the exams normally follows the curriculum. For freshmen, there are ethics, Korean history, geography, and general social studies in the social studies section; physics, chemistry, biology, and earth science in the science section. The categories are the same for sophomores only on the March exam. However, after March, social studies include all subjects—Geography of Korea, world geography, Eastern Asian history, world history, law and politics, economics, society and culture, life and ethics, and ethics and thought—and the science section only covers level I subjects (Physics I, Chemistry I, Biology I, and Earth Science I)
- ^As of 2014, the Career Exploration and Second Language section are tested only in the last exam of the year: the November exam for sophomores and the October exam for seniors. The Career Exploration section covers every subject, and the Second Language section covers German, French, Spanish, Japanese, Chinese, and Russian, excluding Arabic and Vietnamese.
- ^Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education temporarily took in charge of testmaking in 2005, and it was taken over by Incheon Office of Education since 2007.
- ^It was a special occasion to have the exam in December instead of November. Sophomores took the NUAT prepared by KICE.
- ^ko:대학수학능력시험#.EB.8C.80.ED.95.99.EC.88.98.ED.95.99.EB.8A.A5.EB.A0.A5.EC.8B.9C.ED.97.98 .EB.AA.A8.EC.9D.98.ED.8F.89.EA.B0.80
- ^'수능 대박나세요!'. NAVER Corp. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^ abcd'대입제도 변천사, 4년마다 손질… 입시현장 혼선 초래'. Segye.com. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^ abc'입시제도'. Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^'대학입학예비고사[preliminary college entrance examination,大學入學豫備考査]'. Doosan Cooperation. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^ abc'대학수학능력시험[大學修學能力試驗]'. Doosan Corporation. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^'대학수학능력시험 문제 출제과정'. NAVER Corp. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^'수능시험일 감독관도 '조심 또 조심''. NAVER Corp. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^The Psychological Well-being of East Asian Youth. V 2. Quality of Life in Asia. Yi, Chin-Chun. Academic Achievement-Oriented Society and Its Relationship to the Psychological Well-Being of Korean Adolescents. 2013-01-01. A Ahn, Sun-Young. Baek, Hye-Jeong. P 265-279
- ^Liang Choon Wang, The Deadly Effect of High-Stakes Testing on Teenagers with Reference-Dependent Preferences, [1]
External links[edit]
- Castle, Jody-Lan (March 3, 2016). 'Top 10 exam rituals from stressed students across Asia'. BBC.
2017 Suneung 수능 English questions
22. What is the best title for the following passage?
Sensory-specific satiety is defined as a decrease in appetite, or the subjective liking for the food that is consumed, with little change in the hedonics of uneaten food. As a result of sensory-specific satiety, when people consume a variety of foods, they tend to overeat. A greater variety of food leads people to eat more than they would otherwise. So, being full and feeling sated are separate matters. The recovery of appetite or the motivation to eat is apparent to anyone who has consumed a large meal and is quite full, and does not require additional energy or nutrients to meet their daily needs, but decides to consume additional calories after seeing the dessert cart. Small changes in the sensory properties of foods are sufficient to increase food intake. For example, subjects who were presented with different shapes of pasta showed increased hedonic ratings and increased energy consumption relative to subjects eating only a single shape of pasta.
satiety: 포만(감) ** hedonics: 쾌락 *** sated: 충분히 만족한
① necessity of consuming a varied diet in daily life
② reasons for people’s rejection of unfamiliar foods
③ changes in people’s preference for basic food items
④ impact of food variety on the amount of food people consume
⑤ importance of maintaining food diversity to prevent overeating
34. Which phrase best completes the passage?
Over the past 60 years, as mechanical processes have replicated behaviors and talents we thought were unique to humans, we’ve had to change our minds about what sets us apart. As we invent more species of AI, we will be forced to surrender more of what is supposedly unique about humans. Each step of surrender ─ we are not the only mind that can play chess, fly a plane, make music, or invent a mathematical law ─ will be painful and sad. We’ll spend the next three decades ─ indeed, perhaps the next century ─ in a permanent identity crisis, continually asking ourselves what humans are good for. If we aren’t unique toolmakers, or artists, or moral ethicists, then what, if anything, makes us special? In the grandest irony of all, the greatest benefit of an everyday, utilitarian AI will not be increased productivity or an economics of abundance or a new way of doing science ─ although all those will happen. The greatest benefit of the arrival of artificial intelligence is that _____________________.
replicate: 복제하다
① AIs will help define humanity
② humans could also be like AIs
③ humans will be liberated from hard labor
④ AIs could lead us in resolving moral dilemmas
⑤ AIs could compensate for a decline in human intelligence
35. Which sentences does not belong in the following passage?
In the context of SNS, media literacy has been argued to be especially important “in order to make the users aware of their rights when using SNS tools, and also help them acquire or reinforce human rights values and develop the behaviour necessary to respect other people’s rights and freedoms”. ① With regard to peer-to-peer risks such as bullying, this last element is of particular importance. ② This relates to a basic principle that children are taught in the offline world as well: ‘do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you’. ③ Children’s SNS activities should be encouraged when we help them accumulate knowledge. ④ This should also be a golden rule with regard to SNS, but for children and young people it is much more difficult to estimate the consequences and potential serious impact of their actions in this environment. ⑤ Hence, raising awareness of children from a very early age about the particular characteristics of SNS and the potential long-term impact of a seemingly trivial act is crucial.
40. Which words correctly fill in the blank in the following summary of the passage?
Time spent on on-line interaction with members of one’s own, preselected community leaves less time available for actual encounters with a wide variety of people. If physicists, for example, were to concentrate on exchanging email and electronic preprints with other physicists around the world working in the same specialized subject area, they would likely devote less time, and be less receptive to new ways of looking at the world. Facilitating the voluntary construction of highly homogeneous social networks of scientific communication therefore allows individuals to filter the potentially overwhelming flow of information. But the result may be the tendency to overfilter it, thus eliminating the diversity of the knowledge circulating and diminishing the frequency of radically new ideas. In this regard, even a journey through the stacks of a real library can be more fruitful than a trip through today’s distributed virtual archives, because it seems difficult to use the available “search engines” to emulate efficiently the mixture of predictable and surprising discoveries that typically result from a physical shelf-search of an extensive library collection.
homogeneous: 동종의 ** emulate: 따라 하다
?
Focusing on on-line interaction with people who are engaged in the same specialized area can (A) potential sources of information and thus make it less probable for (B) findings to happen.
① limit ……unexpected
② limit ……distorted
③ diversify ……misleading
④ diversify ……accidental
⑤ provide ……novel